Maquiavelo en España: versiones poco exploradas del Arte della guerra*
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English title. Machiavelli in Spain: little-known versions of Arte della guerra.
It is generally accepted that the reception of Machiavelli in Spain in the early modern period is limited to five translations, two of them published during the 16th century (Arte della guerra and Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio), and the other three copied, but not printed, during the 17th century. Critics have wondered why there were so few Spanish translations of Machiavelli prior to the 19th century. This article attempts to demonstrate that there were in fact at least four other adaptations —rather than translations— of Arte della guerra in the 16th century: Libro primo del arte y suplimento re militar by Francisco de Pedrosa (1541), César Renovado by Diego Gracián de
Alderete (1566), an anonymous Libro primero del nuevo César (BNE ms. 1093), and Disciplina militar y instrucción de los hechos y cosas de guerra by Diego Gracián de Alderete (1566). These four works must be now added to De re militari by Diego de Salazar (1536), the one book considered by scholars when dealing with Spanish translations of Machiavelli. The five translations/adaptations are described, and their sources, often indirect, are examined