Advancing plant-based seafood: nutritional and organoleptic improvement of raw tuna
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ENG- Overfishing and the growing global demand for seafood, particularly tuna, are placing significant pressure on marine ecosystems. Although aquaculture has expanded as a partial solution, it remains heavily dependent on wild fish stocks and faces ongoing sustainability challenges. In response, plant-based seafood alternatives are emerging as a promising strategy to reduce environmental impact while continuing to meet consumer expectations for taste and nutrition.
This research focused on the development of a plant-based raw tuna analog that closely replicates the sensory and nutritional qualities of conventional animal-based tuna. By characterizing the physicochemical properties, texture, appearance, and flavor profile of raw tuna, this study established reference targets for developing a comparable plant-based product. A wide range of plant protein sources, including pea, rice, and potato proteins, were evaluated for their nutritional content, textural capabilities, and ability to replicate the translucent and delicate structure of raw tuna muscle.
Through iterative formulation and testing, several prototypes were developed. One formulation, based on pea protein hydrolysate, achieved successful internal testing and was launched commercially in 2022. Other prototypes explored higher protein content blends, combining plant protein hydrolysates and optimizing texture with hydrocolloid additions. These new formulations demonstrated significant improvements in protein levels, appearance, and mouthfeel compared to the first generation of products available on the market. Nutritionally, the plant-based formulations matched or exceeded essential amino acid requirements, with adjustments made to lipid profiles through the addition of algae-based omega-3 oils to replicate the health benefits of animal tuna.
While challenges remain—particularly in replicating the fibrous, anisotropic structure characteristic of tuna muscle—this research marks a significant step forward in advancing sustainable seafood alternatives. By aligning with existing production technologies, the proposed formulations have potential to be immediately introduced in the market. Continued innovation in ingredient selection and texturization strategies will further improve the quality of plant-based seafood products, helping to create a more sustainable, nutritious, and environmentally responsible future for food systems
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