Food safety evaluation and management approaches in dry-cured meat products
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This doctoral thesis focuses on the study of the behavior of foodborne pathogens during the production process and/or storage of dry-cured meat products, including chicken-based fermented sausages and pork dry-cured ham. Several processing and preservation strategies were evaluated to improve microbiological safety, applying experimental and modelling approaches of emerging use for food safety assessment and management at industrial level.
An exhaustive literature review of available predictive models has been carried out to evaluate the behaviour of different foodborne pathogens during fermentation, maturation and/or storage applicable to dry-cured meat products. Most consider temperature as the main factor and some also include pH and aw. In the case of fermented sausages, predictive models that combine gamma and lambda concepts, depending on temperature, pH, aw and lactic acid concentration, would be the most appropriate, since they allow simulation of the possible growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. in the early stages of fermentation and its subsequent inactivation, as observed in experimental trials. In the case of dry-cured ham, according to growth/non-growth boundary models, the physicochemical characteristics of most commercial products would favour the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with a probability greater than 10% at storage temperatures > 15 ºC, although no model was found to assess the impact of different packaging systems
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