L’estigma social i l’adherència terapèutica en persones amb esquizofrènia: projecte de recerca

Gibert Martínez, Janira
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Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder, which according to the WHO, is affected by about 24 million people, of whom the cause is not known. This is part of psychotic mental disorders, which are characterized by affecting thought, emotions, and behaviours consequently altering perception of reality. To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, according to the DSMV manual, at least two of the symptoms must be presented for a month minimum. It must exhibit social or occupational dysfunction. The duration of cognitive signs must be at least 6 months including at least one with active symptoms and the rest with prodromal or residual symptoms. Its symptoms can be positive symptomatology, negative symptomatology, and cognitive symptoms. We find three possible treatments. Pharmacological treatment, electroconvulsive therapy (TEC) and psychotherapy are found. Stigma, which is defined as the set of negative beliefs, attitudes and feelings towards a minority group, is usually present in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Studies show that schizophrenia suffers more prejudice than other mental illnesses. Therapeutic adherence is defined by the WHO as,’ the degree to which a person performs medication taking, makes changes in lifestyles and follows a food regime, according to the recommendations of a health care officer’. This, in people with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, is very low as demonstrated in different studies. Stigmatization of mental health is one of the main causes contributing to the lack of therapeutic adhesion. This gives rise to more hospital income numbers. The role of nurses, who occasionally serve a person with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, involves from caring for the person with some mental disorder to educating them to promote their health. It is they who can manage to minimise the negative impact of prejudice and achieve good therapeutic adherence ​
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