Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension

Abstract

first_pagesettingsOrder Article Reprints Open AccessReview Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension by Paula Poyatos 1,2ORCID,Miquel Gratacós 1ORCID,Kay Samuel 3,Ramon Orriols 1,2,4,* andOlga Tura-Ceide 1,2,4,* 1 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain 3 Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK 4 Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed. Antioxidants 2023, 12(5), 1006; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12051006 Received: 22 March 2023 / Revised: 19 April 2023 / Accepted: 25 April 2023 / Published: 26 April 2023 (This article belongs to the Section Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress) Download Browse Figures Versions Notes Abstract Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance. Underlying mechanisms comprise endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary artery remodeling and vasoconstriction. Several studies have shown evidence of the critical role of oxidative stress in PH pathophysiology. Alteration of redox homeostasis produces excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, inducing oxidative stress and the subsequent alteration of biological molecules. Exacerbations in oxidative stress production can lead to alterations in nitric oxide signaling pathways, contributing to the proliferation of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, inducing PH development. Recently, antioxidant therapy has been suggested as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH pathology. However, the favorable outcomes observed in preclinical studies have not been consistently reproduced in clinical practice. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress as a therapeutic intervention for PH is an area that is still being explored. This review summarizes the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of the different types of PH and suggests antioxidant therapy as a promising strategy for PH treatment