Vivir a oscuras: la construcción analítica de la exclusión energética como problema de política pública
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The research is built around the idea of energy precarity as an "umbrella" concept in which various manifestations linked to difficulties of access to energy can be included. This thesis dissertation analyzes two of these manifestations: on the one hand, energy poverty and vulnerability, and on the other hand, the less known phenomenon of energy exclusion. The methodology applied is multi-method. There is a quantitative module that addresses the first research objective, to deepen the knowledge of energy vulnerability, and a qualitative module for the second objective, to explore the phenomenon of energy exclusion. Both methods are developed in tandem and contribute to deepening knowledge on energy precarity in Spain.
The quantitative module of the doctoral thesis analyzes the impacts and characteristics of energy vulnerability in the Spanish context through a multidimensional indicator of energy vulnerability. The data analyzed is the most recent and only available data on energy vulnerability in the post-pandemic period in Spain. The results obtained in the quantitative module are useful to deepen our knowledge of the phenomenon, linking it to the impacts on health, living conditions, social relations, and support requests from affected population.
The qualitative module of this doctoral thesis focuses on analyzing energy exclusion as a public policy problem through three case studies of peripherical vulnerable neighborhoods affected by this phenomenon. The data sources used are multiple, including in-depth qualitative interviews, observant participation, analysis of public policy documents, and news in the media. The analytical framework is grounded on the co-construction policy frames process and the analysis of public policy narratives. The qualitative results allow us to explore the frames and public policy narratives on energy exclusion from different perspectives and angles. Specifically, three main narratives are identified, from which three discourses - including specific policy frames - on energy exclusion are constructed. Each of these narratives starts from a diagnostic and identifies causes or systemic problems. Depending on the dominant narrative, not only different potential solutions -public policies- will be proposed, but these solutions may be, to a certain extent, contradictory among them.
One of the main conclusions is that the current definition of energy poverty and vulnerability in Spain is limited to the phenomenon of energy poverty due to economic causes, excluding other situations of energy precarity. This may cause, on the one hand, the invisibility of the population affected by other phenomena, such as energy exclusion. On the other hand, it implies the lack of public policies to address energy precarity in a broader sense, including energy exclusion. The research results are relevant since they explore the multiple dimensions of the phenomenon of energy exclusion, highlighting its spatial dimension. Identifying the spatial perspective becomes essential for designing public policies that conceive the phenomenon from a broad and intersectional perspective
L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi queda condicionat a l'acceptació de les condicions d'ús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/