Trafficking and function of the voltage-gated sodium channel β2 subunit
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The sodium channel β2 subunit is a component of the voltage-gated sodium
channel (NaV), a large multimeric protein complex. In the heart, NaV is
mainly composed of a pore-forming α subunit, NaV1.5, and two associated β
subunits. Deficient NaV plasma membrane localization underlies a subset of
channelopathies with high incidence in sudden death. The precise role of β2
in the NaV complex is still a mystery. However, there have been described mutations in β2 linked to Brugada Syndrome (BrS) and Atrial Fibrillation,
both deadly cardiac arrhythmias. We explore the polarized trafficking of β2
and describe its function in promoting the localization of NaV1.5 to the
apical domain of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Overall, our findings
support the idea that β2 promotes the functional localization of NaV1.5 to
specific subdomains of the plasma membrane, thereby ensuring enough sodium
channel density and decreasing arrhythmogenic potential
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