Alfabetització en salut en pares de nens sans entre 0 i 4 anys: projecte finalitzat

Lucero del Toro, Andrea
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Background Health literacy are the competences that enable people to search, comprehend and apply health information. Referring to parents, having these skills and knowledge involves a better management of their children's health, disease, pharmacological treatment or obtaining more trustworthy children's health- related information.  Aims To determine health literacy levels in parents of healthy children aged from 0 to 4 years old and to identify the health-related sources of information used by parents.  Methodology This is an analytic-transversal study whose participants are composed by parents from healthy children aged from 0 to 4 years that visit the Santa Clara Primary Health Care Centre. Socio-demographic data, health literacy-related variables and the sources typology used by parents will be studied. The data will be collected with the ad- hoc HLS-EU-Q16 Questionnaire validated in Spanish and the analysis of the information of both of the objectives stated before was practised by means of the 25.0 version (IBM) of the SPSS® statistic programme. The Clinical Research Ethics Committee from Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital in Girona evaluated this study.  Outcomes This study was possible thanks to 34 people that took part in it, of which a 76.5% were women and the 23.5% left, men. The average age was 36.56 years and more than the 60% of the participants had a high level of education. According to the instrument used to measure health literacy levels in parents of healthy children aged from 0 to 4 years old, most of them, a 67.6%, showed a 7 sufficient health literacy level with a result of 3.06. The lowest punctuation collected was, practically, 2.40 points and the highest, 4. When comparing the results obtained by sex, it has bee seen a small difference: women's average punctuation was 3.08 and men's, 2.97. Using all professional categories as a point of reference, the group that obtained the highest result were the participants included into the scientists and scholars group, whose mark was of 3.15 points. Concerning to the information sources consulted by parents for their health researches, when the type of source and the studies level is compared, it shows that more than the 50% of the participants included in the high level of education group uses reliable sources, however, people included in the middle and low level of education groups, mainly consulted non-secure sources. Referring to consulting specific online health sites, it was seen that most of the participants, a 55.9%, carried on their searches in health sites. In terms of health professionals’ consultation, regardless of the level of education, more than the 50% of people from each group expressed that asking health professionals' opinion was a good option to solve any doubts or to ask for further information.  Conclusions Approximately, 7 out of 10 participants presented a sufficient health literacy level. A 52.9% of the participants used reliable health information sources. Although the outcomes obtained are positive, it is necessary to keep on working in order to improve health literacy and education regarding to secure sites to find trustworthy information for parents with healthy children from 0 to 4 years ​
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