L'embaràs adolescent. Eficàcia els programes de prevenció primària : revisió bibliogràfica
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Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition, growth and human
development that occurs after childhood and before adulthood between the ages
of 10 and 19 years. Adolescent pregnancy is a global public health problem that
has sociocultural, economic, psychological, and physical consequences for the
young population. There has been a decline in the adolescent birth rate, although
adolescent pregnancies account for 11% of all pregnancies worldwide.
Objectives: The main objective is to analyze the primary prevention programs to
prevent teenage pregnancy. On the other hand, the secondary objectives are to
identify the characteristics of the primary prevention programs of the adolescent
pregnancy, according to the territory, type of intervention and field of action.
Summarize its advantages/disadvantages and determine the nurse's role in
them.
Material and methods: A literature review was conducted between december
2019 and march 2020 using the PubMed, Scielo, dialnet and CINAHL databases.
A total of 15 articles were selected that matched the inclusion criteria.
Results: There is a great variability of interventions in the 15 articles analyzed,
according to the territory, the model of intervention, the field of action and the
presence of the nursing role.
Conclusions: The results obtained in the bibliographic search have determined
the lack of scientific evidence in primary prevention programs and the
effectiveness of the nursing role in preventing adolescent pregnancy. The role of
nursing in the prevention of teenage pregnancy requires knowledge and skills