Terapia asistida con animales: ámbitos y eficacia: revisión bibliográfica
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Background: Animal assisted interventions are structured activities that involve
animals used in educational or health settings with the aim of achieving certain
therapeutic benefits or improvements in health and well-being. Animals are being
introduced to hospital settings in increasing numbers. Emerging literature
suggests that incorporating trained animals to help with medical care and
rehabilitation therapies can promote patient engagement, reduce emotional
distress, and alleviate some aspects of physiological burden.
Objective: The objectives of the review are: to know the areas in which Animal
Assisted Therapy (AAT) is used; and determine the effectiveness of AAT.
Aim: Bibliographic Review. The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, LILACS, PsyInfo
and Biomed Central databases were consulted during the months of December
2019 and January 2020.
Results: 12 articles have been included in the review: 4 systematic reviews; 3
qualitative studies; 1 controlled clinical trial; 1 randomized trial; 2 observational
studies and 1 quasi-experimental study.
Conclusions: The results obtained in this bibliographic review have determined
that there is evidence that shows that animal-assisted therapies provide
numerous benefits to people, both physically and psychologically.
The areas in which animal assisted therapies are currently carried out are mental
health, geriatrics, hospital emergencies, pediatrics, oncology, palliative care and
substance addiction