Vulnerabilitat de les comunitats bentòniques a l'impacte de la pesca d'arrossegament: estudi dels caladors de Blanes
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Trawling has a negative impact in marine ecosystems through habitat destruction and species
reduction in benthic communities, among other effects. Trawling disturbance eliminates the
most vulnerable species, while the species with advantageous biological traits are favoured. In
this Final Project I have focused on the study of the epifauna's communities vulnerability
respect trawling impact. The study was carried out in the fishing ground of Fluviana and Capets,
both located in the north-west Mediterranean sea. The species have been classified in
categories of 5 biological traits - position on substrata, feeding type, mobility, size (cm) and
fragility-. At the same time, a value from 0 to 3 was given in each category, according to its
vulnerability to trawling. From the species clustering with the same total vulnerability score 5
functional groups indicators were formed. Results shows that both disturbed area present a
high abundance of mobile and small scavengers and predators located on the surface. The
vulnerability to trawling of species with these biological traits is low, so their presence is related
with trawling impact. On one hand, Fluviana is characterizated as a crinoids bottom that
become this fishing ground in a essential habitat for recruits and juveniles from commercial
species. It has a high abundance of Leptometra phanlgium and Antedon mediterranea, filter and
sessile species, and also sea urchins, indicator species and vulnerables to trawling. On the other
hand, Capets is a muddy bottom that present different species with high vulnerability but
common in this kind of muddy habitat. Nevertheless, the calculation of Trawling Disturbance
Index (TDI) shows both benthic communities with a similar intensity of trawling disturbance.
Each habitat needs a specific management according to its physical characteristics and biological
characteristics from the community. Therefore, the study based on some biological traits allows
to increase the information about the possible species responds to trawling impact
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