Anàlisi de l’efectivitat d’una intervenció de prevenció de suïcidi en estudiants d’infermeria: projecte finalitzat

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organisation claims that more than 800.000 people die every year as a result of suicide. So, the WHO categorizes suicide as the second most common cause of death among young people aged between 15 and 29 years old. Moreover, being a nursing student is catalogued as a stressful event with few confrontation strategies. Likewise, the suicide prevention in Spain is scarce and as a result of this , they need to implement suicide prevention programs, as well as work it through great risk populations, such as nursing students. Objectives: Identify the risk of suicide of nursing students at Girona University and assess the efficiency of a suicide prevention intervention with University nursing students. Methodology: Analytic study and practically experimental, pre-post. The population subject of the study has been the Nursing students in year two and three at Girona University during the school year 2018-2019, and aged between 18 and 30 years old (n=86). The tools used were: the questionnaire “ad-hoc”, with socio demographic data, the questionnaire “Reasons For Living in Young Adults” (RFL-YA), the questionnaire “Trait Meta-Mood” Scale-24 (TMMS-24) and the Plutchik scale. An intervention to the experimental group was done, consisting of a visualization and posterior debate of a play about giving voice to young people that are victims of suicide. Furthermore, questionnaires were given before the intervention and also 4 months after the action, to both the experimental group and the control group in order to check the effectiveness of the procedure. Results: An 8’1% of the nursing students register suicide risk and until a 22’1% admit they had suicide thoughts at least once. On the second round of questionnaires, the total average of the RFL-YA in the experimental group was 168’66 and in the control group 159’08 (p=0’019). Proceeding along the same line, the total average punctuation of the TMMS-24 was 86’30 in the experimental group and 80’21 in the control group (p=0’029). In both surveys there is a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Both, the reasons for living and the emotional intelligence have been improved within the experimental group and after the intervention. In the same way, the protector elements in front of the suicide have been seen more, reinforced in the experimental group than in the control group. Statistically, the aspects are significant in the dimensions of future expectations, confrontation beliefs and emotional reparation. So, the procedure seems to have been effective to reinforce the emotional states metaknowledge, such as other concrete protection factors of suicide. Moreover, I consider these actions can be helpful to all the sanitary professionals and improve the understanding and knowledge of suicide, as well as, facing different situations of risk