Nuevas estrategias de vigilancia y castigo en la escuela hoy: ingeniería psicoeducativa
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It is no longer our feet but our minds that are bound in chains. The best slaves are those
who do not know that they are slaves and adore their slavery. The neoliberal system educates us to “freely choose” and even desire to form part of its apparatus. Society would
never have voluntarily or spontaneously “converted” to the neoliberal model in response to
propaganda alone. It has been necessary to devise and instil, “through a strategy without
strategies”, the spiritual, occupational, rest and leisure education necessary to generate a
new neoliberal subjectivity that revels in exploitation. In this article, we analyse three of
the control and punishment strategies currently being implemented or revived in education systems, as an example of the present trend towards “freely chosen” disciplinary techniques in pursuit of “voluntary self-exploitation” to the point of exhaustion: the culture of
effort, the standardised measurement of academic performance, and emotional coaching
applied to education. This new educational engineering deploys mechanisms of learning,
submission and discipline that encourage people to “govern themselves” in the face of
competition, in accordance with the principles of calculating maximum self-interest. In
this new Foucauldian Panopticon, biopolitics is driven and expanded by neoliberal psychopolitics, in which control becomes internalised and is managed through emotion
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