Maneig integral de cremades pediàtriques: efectivitat de les cures avançades i les mesures no farmacològiques per al control del dolor. Revisió bibliogràfica.

Abstract

Introduction: Pediatric burns affecting more than 10% of the total body surface area (TBSA) require specialized hospital care due to their high risk of complications, including infections, poor wound healing, and intense procedural pain. Appropriate wound management and effective pain control are essential to improve recovery and minimize long-term sequelae. In recent years, various strategies have been explored, such as advanced dressings, biological therapies, and non-pharmacological measures for pain management. Objectives: The main objective is to analyze the different interventions for the hospital management of pediatric burns affecting more than 10% of the total body surface area in children aged 0 to 5 years. The secondary objectives are to assess the effectiveness of wound care materials for pediatric burns affecting more than 10% of the body surface area in children aged 0 to 5 years, and to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological measures for pain management in hospitalized pediatric burn patients. Methods: An exploratory literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. Variables analyzed included wound care materials, healing time, infection rate, pain control, and the child's experience. Results: A total of 17 articles were included for full-text review. The most relevant findings highlighted that advanced dressings and biological therapies, such as amniotic membrane and bioactive matrix, promote better wound healing and reduce the need for skin grafts. Techniques like virtual reality, guided medical play, and clown nursing have significantly reduced pain perception and anxiety, improving procedural tolerance. Conclusions: The results suggest that combining advanced wound healing treatments with non-pharmacological pain management strategies is essential in the hospital care of pediatric burns