Actituds i pràctiques del personal sanitari envers les persones Testimonis de Jehovà. Revisió Bibliogràfica

Abstract

Backgound: In recent years, the health system has adopted the comprehensive and person-centred care model in order to improve results and quality of care and move away from paternalism. The spirituality and beliefs of Jehovah’s Witnesses have a direct impact on their health by rejecting blood treatments and it’s a challenge for health personnel. Therefore, the application of this care model to clinical practice, together with other ethical principles, are key because they promote not only physical healing but also the emotional and psychological well-being of the person. Objectives: Analyse the attitudes and practices of health personnel towards Jehovah’s Witnesses in therapeutic situations that involve the rejection of blood transfusions, identifying the factors that influence these attitudes to promote respectful and ethical health care. Methodology: A bibliographic review has been carried out during the months of February and April 2025 of the articles published in the scientific databases such as PubMed, Science Direct and Omnia. Results: 11 articles have been selected that study the attitudes and practices of health personnel towards Jehovah’s Witnesses and describe the methods and strategies they use to establish effective and respectful communication. Conclusions: This bibliographic review shows that better health training and knowledge about bloodless medicine favor more respectful care with the autonomy of Jehovah’s Witnesses, although there are still ethical conflicts when life is at risk. In addition, effective communication through specific programs facilitates shared decision making, increases trust and minimizes conflicts between patients and professionals. The studies highlight that training in this field is important in order to provide person-centered care. On the other hand, more studies are required to be able to identify how personal factors such as age and gender, and cultural factors, influence the attitudes and decisions of health personnel in cases in which they must treat a Jehovah’s Witness who rejects blood