Eficàcia del tractament farmacològic en dones embarassades amb preeclàmpsia: revisió bibiliogràfica

Romaguera Caballero, Joan
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Introduction: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and eclampsia is one of the most severe complications causing up to 14% of maternal deaths worldwide. Objectives: The main objective of this bibliographical review is to study the efficacy of preventive drug treatment of preeclampsia in women who have risk factors, the conditions and efficacy of the refuted treatment of preeclampsia in sub-Saharan African women with signs of severity and finally, to argue whether drug treatment for the prevention of eclampsia is effective. Methodology: A bibliographical review of 13 studies was carried out. Scientific websites such as PubMed, Cochrane, Health Evidence and Scielo were used. These are the words used for the search: - Eclampsia AND low resources (PubMed) - Management AND preeclampsia AND nursing (PubMed) - Management AND eclampsia AND sub-Saharan (PubMed) - Preeclampsia AND prevention AND nursing (PubMed) - Preeclampsia AND prevention AND treatment NOT (Health evidence) - Prevention AND eclampsia AND interventions (Spanish Cochrane) - Eclampsia AND magnesium sulfate (Scielo) Discussion: The authors agree that the drugs/supplements studied are effective for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia/eclampsia; however, there is controversy regarding the doses to be administered. Results: The selected studies confirm the efficacy of prophylactic treatment of preeclampsia and eclampsia. However, they reflect the poor sanitary conditions in sub-Saharan Africa and their effect on pregnant women in this region. Conclusions: Drugs used for treatment and prophylaxis are scarce in sub-Saharan Africa, however, they are effective when administered at protocolized doses. Magnesium sulfate is the most effective drug for the prevention of eclampsia. Its efficacy significantly reduces maternal and fetal mortality ​
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