Eficàcia del tractament farmacològic en dones embarassades amb preeclàmpsia: revisió bibiliogràfica
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Introduction: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and eclampsia
is one of the most severe complications causing up to 14% of maternal deaths
worldwide.
Objectives: The main objective of this bibliographical review is to study the efficacy
of preventive drug treatment of preeclampsia in women who have risk factors, the
conditions and efficacy of the refuted treatment of preeclampsia in sub-Saharan
African women with signs of severity and finally, to argue whether drug treatment for
the prevention of eclampsia is effective.
Methodology: A bibliographical review of 13 studies was carried out. Scientific
websites such as PubMed, Cochrane, Health Evidence and Scielo were used.
These are the words used for the search:
- Eclampsia AND low resources (PubMed)
- Management AND preeclampsia AND nursing (PubMed)
- Management AND eclampsia AND sub-Saharan (PubMed)
- Preeclampsia AND prevention AND nursing (PubMed)
- Preeclampsia AND prevention AND treatment NOT (Health evidence)
- Prevention AND eclampsia AND interventions (Spanish Cochrane)
- Eclampsia AND magnesium sulfate (Scielo)
Discussion: The authors agree that the drugs/supplements studied are effective for
the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia/eclampsia; however, there is
controversy regarding the doses to be administered.
Results: The selected studies confirm the efficacy of prophylactic treatment of
preeclampsia and eclampsia. However, they reflect the poor sanitary conditions in
sub-Saharan Africa and their effect on pregnant women in this region.
Conclusions: Drugs used for treatment and prophylaxis are scarce in sub-Saharan
Africa, however, they are effective when administered at protocolized doses.
Magnesium sulfate is the most effective drug for the prevention of eclampsia. Its
efficacy significantly reduces maternal and fetal mortality