Balance or imbalance? The interplay of hydrology and nutrient dynamics in Mediterranean coastal lagoons

Meredith, Warren
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Coastal wetlands and lagoons are some of the most fluctuating and productive ecosystems in the world. As transition zones between marine and continental environments, they provide numerous ecosystem services, including the purification of water and carbon sequestration. Mediterranean coastal wetlands have a great diversity of aquatic environments, and their water permanence gradient depends on sediment type and the balance between surface and groundwater inputs. With a flooding-confinement hydrological pattern, sea storms and strong flooding increase allochthonous inputs of nutrients and organic matter and water levels, followed by periods of confinement and disconnection from the sea and without external surface input. However, recent studies have shown that groundwater can significantly contribute to the overall hydrology of these ecosystems. With increasing anthropogenic activity, significant contributions of nutrients could be entering these subterranean waters and entering coastal lagoons in a gradual, continuous manner. Under natural conditions, the high intensity disturbances (or pulse type), such as sea storms, would affect the ecosystem intensely, and tend to result in decreasing availability of resources produced after such disturbances, resulting in the ecosystem becoming more resilient to these changes. However, low intensity disturbances of a more gradual nature (continuous type), such as nutrients entering lagoons through subterranean water flow, could affect the nutrient dynamics of these ecosystems, resulting in high productivity and availability of resources over time. It is therefore hypothesized that the community structure is not well adapted to these gradual inputs, since they do not occur naturally. The restored La Pletera salt marshes and lagoons in the Baix Ter wetlands represent Mediterranean ecosystems with a flooding-confinement hydrological pattern and significant contributions of groundwater ensures their permanency year-round. These lagoons are also under pressure from surrounding anthropological activity. Accordingly, the main goal of this thesis was to quantify the different contributions that make up the water balance of the different restored and natural lagoons in the La Pletera (both intense surface inputs and gradual subterranean inputs), and then determine the effects of gradual and intense pulse nutrient entry into the lagoons, and what influence it has on planktonic community structure and ecological functioning ​
​L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi queda condicionat a l'acceptació de les condicions d'ús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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