Morphometric seagrass thresholds for hydrodynamics and sediment capture

Barcelona Arbat, Aina
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Seagrass meadows are globally extensive nearshore ecosystems known as coastal engineers that provide key ecological services in coastal areas such as attenuating wave and turbulence and promoting sediment deposition. However, seagrass meadows have been threatened by natural and anthropogenic pressures, which result in physical damage to the meadow, resulting in plant loss and habitat fragmentation. Seagrass fragmentation may compromise the ecosystem services provided by the meadows, due to the transition from continuous canopies to a network of vegetated patches. Although the overall sediment input from external sources has decreased, extreme events have increased due to the climate change. Therefore, this thesis aims to understand how the morphometric parameters (plant density, patch length, plant stiffness, plant height and epiphyte colonization) influence the hydrodynamics and sediment distribution within seagrass meadows. Also, it is aimed at establishing morphometric thresholds for both hydrodynamics and sediment capture for fragmented seagrass meadows to maintain the same ecosystem services than continuous meadows do. This PhD thesis has established thresholds on hydrodynamics and sediment capture to guarantee the ecosystem services provided by seagrass meadows. Seagrasses generate turbulent kinetic energy within the canopy and therefore attenuating the mean wave velocity of the flow, providing sheltering and refuge for all the fauna inhabiting in there. The seagrass morphometric parameters have been determined to guarantee a good quality of the ecosystem, such as provide the reduction of the suspended sediment, which will allow greater penetration of light into the canopies improving the water quality. Also, healthy canopies will enhance the sediment deposition to the seabed and the capture on the seagrass leaves, which provide a positive feedback for the canopy. Also, greater nutrient deposition to the seabed by the increase in the sediment deposition. Finally, denser seagrass meadows, larger patches or higher epiphyted canopies may capture higher amount of sediment on the leaves but the capture by each plant will be reduced. These processes together with the production of the turbulent kinetic energy will enhance the gas and light exchange, which will generate a positive feedback for the meadow development ​
​L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi queda condicionat a l'acceptació de les condicions d'ús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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