Estudi bibliogràfic de sistemes basats en nanopartícules de sílica per a la seva aplicació en teràpia fotodinàmica (PDT) contra el càncer

Abstract

PDT is a promising medical technology that uses photosensibilysis and light to treat various diseases.

Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, silica nanoparticles have shown that they

have a great ability to utize in different ways and can adapt to different therapeutic applications, as

they can be designed and functionalized according to the specific need of each case.

This study has analyzed several scientific papers relevant to the field of PDT and silica nanoparticles

applied to cancer treatment. This was done with SciFinder and different parameters were used as keywords. In each article, there are a number of things that have been considered. This includes the type of silica

nanoparticles used, small, meso or macroporous, and the size and shape of the particles (rods,

elongates, etc.). In addition, it was evaluated whether they could be coated with substances such as proteins or other molecules or polymers to improve compatibility with biological systems. The nature of the photoensibilizer (PS) used in nanoparticles, which may be organic molecules or metal

complexes, has also been evaluated. In addition, it was also considered the type of binding between

the photoensibilizer and nanoparticles, either covalent or ionic. Other important factors considered are the post-activation mechanism type (Type I or Type II) and the application (in vivo or only in vitro) and finally the cancer types in which nanoparticles are applied.

Once the information has been collected, the frequency with which each parameter is found in the set of publications has been described, and attempts have been made to find relationships between the different parameters such as whether most nanoparticles are of a particular type or form, or whether there is a distributed distribution of one of the parameters. The correlations between the parameters analyzed have shown that with respect to the activation

wavelength of the PS, the metallic combinations of ruthenium, manganese and iridium are activated

on average with higher energy light