Conocimientos esenciales sobre los procesos, habilidades o competencias matemáticas: orientaciones para implementar situaciones de aprendizaje
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Contemporary mathematics curricula refer to mathematical competence, but the guidelines offered until recently to promote its development have tended to be limited or very general. From this perspective, the purpose of this article is to present the essential knowledge about 21st century mathematical processes, skills or competences, which are the basis for implementing productive and competent teaching practices. Specifically, essential knowledge of problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections, representation, mathematical modelling,and computational thinking are described. In addition, for each knowledge, guiding questions are provided to guide early childhood and primary school teachers in the design and implementation of mathematical learning situations aimed at developing mathematical competence