Identificación y caracterización de factores de transcripción implicados en la regulación de procesos moleculares y cerebroreparadores en el ictus

Camós Badia, Susanna
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The aim of this thesis was to identify transcriptional regulators involved in the modulation of ischaemia, as well as brain plasticity processes responsible for compensating the ischaemic lesions, in order to establish the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and to improve the limitations offered by the treatments currently used for stroke through the design of new therapeutic strategies. Specifically, in this thesis we have identified and characterized Oct- 2 and HMGIY transcription factors as transcriptional regulators involved in cerebral ischaemia. From one hand, it has been demonstrated that ischaemia induces differences in Oct- 2 binding activity and gene expression in the acute as well as in the chronic phase of ischaemia. Also it has been described a neuronal localization of Oct-2 as well as its interaction with other transcription factors in control and ischaemic rat brain. The results have reported that the Oct-2 modulated response have a beneficial role in neural physiological functions, suggesting that it could be involved in reducing neuronal damage and promoting neuronal survival in the context of cerebral ischaemia. On the other hand, HMGIY has been identified as a transcription factor involved in brain repair functions, specifically in angiogenesis. It has been shown that cerebral ischaemia induces an increase of its protein expression and a promotion of the HMGIY number of interactions with other transcription factors modulating brain repair functions. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated an association between HMGIY and angiogenic proteins and the transcription factor ability to promote brain endothelial cells viability. Therefore, the identification and characterization of transcription factors in the cerebral ischaemia context, have allowed Oct-2 and HMGIY identification as potential therapeutic targets, as well as to improve the knowledge about the molecular mechanisms modulating the endogenous brain repair processes. These results can help to establish the basis for the design of new drugs and therapeutic strategies that promote these processes. Finally, the development of techniques to achieve the objectives of the present thesis has allowed the establishment of an experimental in vitro model of cerebral ischemia using rat brain microvascular endothelial cells, in order to study brain repair processes in stroke. ​
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