Effect of temperature on the flexural behavior of NSM CFRP strengthened RC beams under time-dependent loading and fatigue

Jahani, Younes
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There is a general trend towards rehabilitation and strengthening of existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to the costs associated with the replacement of the structural members and the environmental impact associated with the consumption of raw materials for new constructions. In this regard, fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are presented to be an excellent solution for strengthening purposes, being the near-surface mounted (NSM) one of the main used techniques, because of the several advantages that it provides over the traditional plate bonding (i.e. externally bonded reinforcement (EBR)) technique. However, in spite of the advantages of NSM technique, premature debonding failure is still of concern. The effectiveness of a strengthening system relies on the capacity of the joint to allow the stress transfer during the loading process, which has been acknowledged to be partially governed by the mechanical properties of the bonding agent. In this sense, epoxy adhesives are usually chosen to be the bonding agent in NSM technique. However, due to their nature, performance of epoxy adhesives can be affected by temperature, as near or beyond their glass transition temperature (Tg) their mechanical properties may change, thus affecting the behavior of the NSM strengthened member. Besides, although NSM FRP strengthening has attracted an increasing amount of research, studies are still needed to fully understand their long-term performance, which partially depends on the material’s long-term properties. In this sense, creep and shrinkage of concrete and creep of epoxy adhesive, which are dependent on environmental conditions, are of high importance. Similar to long-term loading, attention should also be given to fatigue loading, where the stiffness of the system degrades due to progressive cracking and stress/strain accumulation in the material. This work aimed to experimentally and analytically study the flexural performance of NSM carbon FRP (CFRP)-strengthened RC beams subjected to short-term, long-term and fatigue loading under different high service temperatures. To this end, the first experimental program with 14 beams has been performed, where the effect of CFRP strengthening ratio, concrete strength and applied temperatures has been evaluated. The aim was to evaluate the effect of different parameters on the short-term behavior of the beams in order to easily design the long-term and fatigue experimental programs. Analytical simulations have also been performed to predict the load-deflection responses of the tested beams, where shrinkage effects have been accounted for ​
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