Pràctica infermera i errors de medicació en l’àmbit de la pediatria hospitalària: revisió bibliogràfica

Mora Espinosa, Lorena
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Introduction: mediation errors, produced by human faults or the system, cause damage to the patient, increase their morbidity, as well as health care costs. The pediatric inpatient has a very high risk of suffering due, among others, to his differences with the adult in pharmacokinetic parameters and, also, to the lack of availability of exclusively pediatric medication and dosage presentations. Objective: Identifying major medication errors in the field of hospital pediatrics committed by nurse professionals and analysing their causes, as well as the preventative measures being carried out to prevent them. Methodology: Bibliography revision. Cinahl, PubMed, and SciELO databases have been revised during the months of December 2021 and April 2022 (both included). Results: for this review, a total of 16 articles have been analysed in the review, including 1 clinical trial, 2 systematic reviews, 1 retrospective cohort study, 3 quasi-experimental studies, 6 descriptive studies and 3 mixed method studies. Conclusions: Analysis of studies has shown that errors committed by nurse professionals are mainly administration and preparation, with the main cause being those caused by dosage errors. The most affected age groups are under the age of five, especially babies and infants. With regard to risk factors, lack of knowledge, anti-infectious drugs and, above all, interruptions, there is a significant increase in errors. Finally, the main preventive strategies are personal awareness of errors, training in doses calculation and adherence to safety protocols. The preparation of medication in separate rooms to reduce interrupts and the establishment of meetings to pool the errors produced have also reduced their incidence ​
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