Two-photon lithography for fabrication of implantable drug delivery devices

Pons i Tarrés, Judith
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This project was undertaken in attempt to improve the efficacy of the drug delivery while avoiding systemic toxicity, designing a novel implantable drug delivery platform for iontophoretic brain cancer therapy. 3D fabrication is fast becoming key instrument in the medical field. Thus, we explored microfabrication of an implantable drug delivery device, concretely using direct laser writing to electrostatically deliver charged cancer drugs into brain tumours, technology which is called iontophoresis – basically relies on the motion of ions in electric fields. This technology avoids pressure-related problems, such as drug reflux and brain oedema formation, encountered with convection enhanced delivery by solely relying on the motion of ions in electric fields. The reason for the interest in iontophoresis is that this technique is very versatile allowing to deliver substances into tissue which are usually impermeable. Additionally, it opens up the possibility to deliver drugs in a targeted fashion directly into the desired tissue instead of administering it systemically which reduces off-target toxicity and allows higher delivery rates than when relying solely on passive diffusion of the drug. Overall, this study strengthens the idea that very precise microdevices can be fabricated using Nanoscribe while meeting the biocompatibility criteria, which opens the door to future applications in other areas such as neurological diseases and other cancer treatments ​
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