L’adopció dels recursos tecnològics digitals en educació: factors facilitadors i factors limitadors

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This research is based on the need and curiosity that, as a teacher who is interested in educational digital resources, I had often felt, specifically regarding the factors that affected its success in the implementation. In recent years, the emergence of digital technologies in everyday life has been overwhelming, however not all technologies have been developed equally. In the field of education, institutions have implemented hardware and software distribution programs taking into account current trends, but in some cases these resources have failed to work out as expected. In order to explain this situation, the aim of the present research was to identify and define the factors that contribute in the successful implementation of educational technologies. Knowing the factors that enable or hinder the success of digital educational technology resources, would contribute to focusing all efforts and actions on the technologies that are most likely to be successfully implemented in order to improve the learning processes and the development of the skills that students should achieve. Therefore, the first major question raised by this research was: How can we ensure that the technological resources acquired by schools are effectively integrated into the classroom dynamics and that justify the investment? In order to guide the practical contributions, this research was based on two seminal theories: The theory of the diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1995) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technologies (Venkatesh et al ., 2003), which were cross-analyzed and synthesized in a single table. Subsequently, the two theories were merged together with the contributions obtained from one of the focus groups, in order to create a questionnaire and finally, to share and analyze the results with a focus group of experts. Findings suggest that there are factors that strongly influence the implementation of digital technological resources in schools. The factors that favor adoption belong to the descriptors: expectation of operation, success in operation, expectation of effort and facilitating conditions. On the other hand, the factors that act as main limiters are those that refer to the difficulty in using the digital technological resource; factors derived from the attitude of teachers and their personal beliefs; and low digital competence, both at the user level and at the teaching level ​
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