El paper de la intel·ligència emocional en el rendiment acadèmic de l'alumnat de primària
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Why do some people adapt better to life's adversities? Why do some students with a high IQ fail at school, while others with less intellectual capacity do better academically? How do we explain that people with a low IQ are able to interact with others effectively? The concept of emotional intelligence (from now on, EI) emerged to try to answer these questions and similar ones. The interest to study EI has increased significantly in the last decades due to the empirical evidence shown by some studies on the influence it can have on variables such as job success, health and well-being, or academic performance (AP). In the educational field, there is some consensus that EI is an important skill for the development of the students, both for their well-being and for their future success. However, there are still many remaining gaps to be explained in the relationship between EI and AP and the actual influence of EI in the school context. Most of the research done so far has studied the relationship between EI and academic achievement in secondary and university students and, therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze whether the results obtained in previous studies can be replicated in a population group that has been little studied in this regard, such as in primary school children. Moreover, in previous research, other important variables that may play a key role in this relationship (such social or cognitive factors) have not always been taken into account. Consequently, we are in front of an information gap on the EI-AP relationship at this educational stage, which is considered basic for the personal and academic development of the students. Hence, we find it necessary to study in depth the concept of EI and its components, as well as its influence in the educational context, specifically in the AP of primary school students. This results in a complementary contribution to the research done to date. Consequently, the main objective of this doctoral thesis is to explore the relationship between EI and students’ AP, as well as the possible relative influence of EI in comparison to other constructs such as social skills (SS) and executive functions (EF).
The results of the present thesis, developed as a compendium of articles, show that EI have an impact on the school performance of primary education students, suggesting that EI, together with SS and EF, should be considered within the school context to achieve the well-being of the students and all of their potential, not only academically but also socially and personally.
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