Bond behaviour between CFRP and concrete for NSM systems under sustained loading
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The rehabilitation of civil structures has been gaining importance during the last decades. Owing to their mechanical, corrosion resistance and lightweight properties, Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) present an excellent solution to strengthen Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures, being the Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) one of the main used techniques because of a better protection of the FRP against external agents. During their service life, civil structures are submitted to cyclic temperatures due to the day and night cycles, which can affect the durability of the strengthening system. It is therefore of outmost importance to study how these actions can affect the NSM CFRP-concrete bond performance to properly design the strengthening systems and avoid premature failures.
In this thesis, the sustained-loading bond behaviour of NSM CFRP-concrete joints has been evaluated from experimental and numerical points of view. A numerical methodology based on a finite differences model has been implemented to predict the instantaneous global response of the bonded joints. To verify the numerical model, an experimental programme on the instantaneous behaviour of NSM CFRP-concrete specimens was performed through single shear tests until failure. Different values of groove thicknesses and bonded lengths were tested to study the effect of these parameters on the global response of the bonded joint in terms of failure mode and ultimate load. A parametric study was then performed to investigate the effect of the main parameters of the bond-slip law in the ultimate load and effective bonded length.
Afterwards, the effect of high service temperature and sustained loading on the creep behaviour of the bonded joint was studied through (i) single shear tests in NSM CFRP-concrete specimens, and (ii) tensile tests on epoxy adhesive specimens. Five experimental series were carried out inside a climatic chamber under different service temperatures for 1000 hours. In the sustained loading tests, the effect of the sustained load level, the groove thickness and the bonded length were studied. Results showed that the evolution of strain (in the adhesive) and slip at the loaded end (in the NSM CFRP-concrete specimen) increased with the average temperature and the sustained load level.
Thereafter, after sustained loading tests, instantaneous tests were carried out until failure for all the specimens to study the residual capacity of the specimens. An overall slight decrease on the mechanical properties of the bonded joints (ultimate load and stiffness) and the adhesive (tensile strength and elastic modulus) were observed.
Finally, the numerical procedure developed to predict the instantaneous behaviour of the bonded joint was adapted to calculate the creep behaviour of the NSM CFRP-concrete joints by implementing the degradation of the bond-slip law with time. From this numerical methodology, the evolution of slip at the loaded end with time was obtained for each specimen configuration and was compared with the experimental results
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