Bullying in Primary School Children: The Relationship between Victimization and Perception of Being a Victim
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This study aims to investigate victimization of bullying in primary school children, as well
as its relationship with children’s perception of being a victim. In a sample of 4646 students from 3rd
to 6th grade, we evaluated children’s victimization and cybervictimization behaviors, and children
were also asked whether they had been victims of bullying or cyberbullying. From the participants,
36.7% were victims, and 4.4% cybervictims. In addition, 24.2% had a perception of being a victim,
and 4.9% a perception of being a cybervictim. On the other hand, 56.9% of victims of traditional
bullying had no perception of being a victim. The victimization behaviors of traditional bullying
associated with a higher perception of being a victim were threats, while physical and direct verbal
aggression implied a lower perception of being a victim. The results suggest the most frequent
victimization behaviors may be normalized