Exploring Submerged Forward Osmosis for Water Recovery and Pre-Concentration of Wastewater before Anaerobic Digestion: A Pilot Scale Study
dc.contributor.author
dc.date.accessioned
2020-06-25T10:05:58Z
dc.date.available
2020-06-25T10:05:58Z
dc.date.issued
2019-08-05
dc.identifier.uri
dc.description.abstract
Applying forward osmosis directly on raw municipal wastewater is of high interest for the simultaneous production of a high quality permeate for water reuse and pre-concentrating wastewater for anaerobic digestion. This pilot scale study investigates, for the first time, the feasibility of concentrating real raw municipal wastewater using a submerged plate and frame forward osmosis module (0.34 m2) to reach 70% water recovery. Membrane performance, fouling behavior, and effective concentration of wastewater compounds were examined. Two different draw solutions (NaCl and MgCl2), operating either with constant draw concentration or in batch with draw dilution over time, were evaluated. Impact of gas sparging on fouling and external concentration polarization was also assessed. Water fluxes up to 15 L m−2 h−1 were obtained with clean water and 35 g NaCl/L as feed and draw solution, respectively. When using real wastewater, submerged forward osmosis proved to be resilient to clogging, demonstrating its suitability for application on municipal or other complex wastewater; operating with 11.7 g NaCl/L constant draw solution, water and reverse salt fluxes up to 5.1 ± 1.0 L m−2 h−1 and 4.8 ± 2.6 g m−2 h−1 were observed, respectively. Positively, total and soluble chemical oxygen demand concentration factors of 2.47 ± 0.15 and 1.86 ± 0.08, respectively, were achieved, making wastewater more suitable for anaerobic treatment
dc.description.sponsorship
This work was part of the WATINTECH project (www.watintech.eu), funded by the Water Joint
Programming Initiative (JPI, European Union) Water challenges for a changing world waterworks 2014 (Water JPI-WaterWorks) (ID 196).The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 712949 (TECNIOspring PLUS), and from the Agency for Business Competitiveness of the Government of Catalonia, ACCIO for the grant TECSPR18-1-0085
dc.format.mimetype
application/pdf
dc.language.iso
eng
dc.publisher
MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)
dc.relation.isformatof
Reproducció digital del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes9080097
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Membranes, 2019, vol. 9, núm. 8, p. 97
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Articles publicats (D-EQATA)
dc.rights
Attribution 4.0 International
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dc.subject
dc.title
Exploring Submerged Forward Osmosis for Water Recovery and Pre-Concentration of Wastewater before Anaerobic Digestion: A Pilot Scale Study
dc.type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.rights.accessRights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.relation.projectID
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/712949/EU/ACCIÓ programme to foster mobility of researchers with a focus in applied research and technology transfer/TECNIOspring PLUS
dc.type.version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.identifier.doi
dc.type.peerreviewed
peer-reviewed
dc.relation.FundingProgramme
dc.relation.ProjectAcronym
dc.identifier.eissn
2077-0375