The geographical context of wastewater treatment and reuse: a benchmarking analysis for Spanish Mediterranean Wastewater Treatment Plants
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This paper examines wastewater treatment and reuse in Catalonia and Valencia through a
benchmarking analysis of energy intensities of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the
coastal municipalities of both regions also involving comparison with average European data on
energy use by these plants. The comparison of European and Spanish Mediterranean WWTPs
indicates that small Mediterranean plants are less energy intensive than their European counterparts,
while for larger plants (above 10,000 m3 /day) the reverse is true. As to the comparison between
Catalan and Valencian plants, the latter are generally smaller than the former, and also slightly more
energy intensive. Regarding reuse, the geographical context would explain these differences in
terms of the final destination of effluents treated in these plants. The important presence of irrigated
agriculture in Valencia is responsible for the reuse of 45% of potentially reclaimed water while
Catalonia, with a different socioterritorial reality, reuses less than 3% of the total effluent treated