Aerosol radiative forcing efficiency in the UV region over southeastern Mediterranean: VELETA2002 campaign

Abstract

Atmospheric aerosol effects on spectral global UV irradiance were evaluated during the VELETA2002 field campaign between 8 and 19 July 2002 in southeast Spain. In the first stage, seven UV spectroradiometer and six CIMEL Sun photometer measurements were carried out simultaneously, allowing them to be calibrated and intercompared. The mean ratio obtained for the global irradiance between the spectroradiometers, with regards to a reference instrument, ranges from 0.98 up to 1.04 with standard deviations that oscillate between ±0.01 and ±0.17. In particular, the two spectroradiometers used to obtain the aerosol forcing efficiencies have a ratio of 1.000 ± 0.001. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) obtained with the CIMEL Sun photometers has a standard deviation of lower than ±0.01 for all the channels. Under clear sky conditions, the diurnal aerosol forcing efficiency (ΔDFe) and fractional diurnal forcing efficiency (ΔFDFe) was calculated for two Mediterranean stations: Armilla (691 m.a.s.l.) within the boundary layer and Sabinas (2200 m.a.s.l) on the lower limit of the free troposphere and 25 km away from the first station. The ΔDFe values obtained at Armilla range between −2.72 ± 0.45 W m−2/τ380 and −2.88 ± 0.45 W m−2/τ440 and between −3.22 ± 0.61 W m−2/τ380 and −3.40 ± 0.62 W m−2/τ440 at Sabinas station; the ΔFDFe values range from −8.0 ± 1.4%/τ380 to −8.6 ± 1.3%/τ440 and −12.0 ± 2.3%/τ380 to −12.6 ± 2.3%/τ440 at the two stations, respectively. Also, an experimental aerosol transmittance factor, CT, used to obtain UV satellite derived products was found as a result of the dependence of the global irradiance with the AOD, under cloudless conditions. The average aerosol attenuation factor, η, obtained from the CT, is 6 ± 2% under weakly absorbing aerosols, with a negligible spectral dependence