Anàlisi de l'efecte de la oxigenoteràpia hiperbàrica en ferides d'origen diabètic: revisió bibliogràfica

Abstract

Introduction: The hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment that is developed in a lower athmospheric pressure than usually, and 100% of oxygen used. This process is made in an hyperbaric chamber, that is able to put up this special conditions. There are many indications that are defined in order to develop the HBOT, one of them is the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. This wounds are characteristic in people with diabetis and, mostly, with peripheral neuropaty. Therefore, HBOT is becoming an encouraging treatment to solve this type of wounds, which are complicated to heal with standard care. Objective: To analize all published scientific evidence on the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the treatment of diabetic wounds, in the last 5 years. Material and methods: A bibliographic review was developed in the Medine: Pubmed, Cochrane and Scielo between november 2017 to february 2018. Therefore, the most interesting articles where to be able to solve the objectives where selected and analized. Results: There are 17 articles that refer to the effect of HBOT on diabetic foot ulcers. Of theses studies, there are 11 that lead to a positive effect of the therapy on wound healing. Benefits are reported in relation to healing, whether total or partial, and the number of sessions administered in each study. There are also favorable results in the reduction of bacterial load and the elimination of possible infection. Amputation rate is also better in most cases, as it significaly improves. Conclusions: HBOT, combined with standard care, it has a positive effect promoting the diabetic wound healing. Moreover, decreases the number of amputations and the bacterial load. The most effect is produced in the first sessions