Anàlisi funcional de conductes problemàtiques en persones amb trastorn de l'espectre autista de baix rendiment: projecte de recerca

Montiel Masachs, Sandra
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Theoretical framework: The autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that starts in the childhood. The autism is characterized by severe deficits in communication and interaction across multiple context, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities. Currently the prevail of autisms has been increasing for the last years, an average of 33% of all the people with autism spectrum disorder has low functioning. The intellectual disability is another factor, we can found it on the 75% of people with autism spectrum disorder of low functioning, this factor triggers the severity of the disorder inducing permanently health care assistance for these people. However, the dependency is not the hardest difficulty of these people, the biggest handicap that impede these people to have a current life are the profound deficits in the language and the communication. This fact lead this people to develop problematic behaviours which are difficult to understand and solve. The 64% of people with autism spectrum disorder display problematic behaviours to communicate, which have been more useful than other behaviours well accepted by the society. Due to the high percentage of problematic behaviours in the autism spectrum disorder population it is justified the intervention of a functional analysis model for developing individualised efficient treatments in order to make a significant change on the behaviour of these population, getting alternative skills against the social and environment situation of the person and an improvement on the quality of life of these population. Objectives: Identify the effectivity of a functional analysis program in autisms spectrum disorder people of low functioning in front of problematic behaviours, as wells as identify the most frequent behaviours and the causes. Finally, describe the interventions that has got better results on people with autisms spectrum disorder of low functioning, in front of problematic disorders. Methodology: An almost experimental, analytic and longitudinal study will be carried out on adults with autism spectrum disorder of low functioning with or without learning disabilities who has been admitted into Residència els Til·lers placed in Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià de Salt (Girona). The sample will be selected through a consecutive show. Some descriptive evaluations will be done and a personalised functional analysis will be performed in each patient. An individualised treatment will be planned in order to face the problematic behaviours. Finally an assessment of the effectivity of the intervention in functional analysis through descriptive evaluations will be done. SPSS version 23 will e used as statistic program for Windows in order to analyse the results of the study. The quality variables will be analysed by median and standard descriptions. Scatter graphics will be used to show the main problematic behaviours for each patient ​
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