Preparació al naixement: beneficis i utilitats de l'activitat física i l'educació i suport a nivell psicològic: revisió bibliogràfica

Formatjé Cuyàs, Marta
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Introductiu: The birth of a son represents an important change in various aspects of life of the woman and her couple. It supouses a challenge that can generate different emotions, fears, doubts and insecurities as well as the hormonal and physological changes that occur in a woman’s body. Therefore it is important to prepare the mother and the family to get the changes incorporated into the new role of being parents, and that’s the aim of antenatal preparation. Objective: To evaluate the benefits and the efectiveness of the physical activity and psychological education in antenatal preparation and identify the role of the nurse midwife throughout this process. Methods: The methodology has been a systematic review based on scientific evidenced articles, they are included 16 articles published during the lasts 5 years. The research has been carried out by using the following databases: Cochrane Library Pubmed-Medline, Cinahl, Dialnet and also the publishing portal Science Direct (Elsevier). Results: In the 16 included articles we could find: 6 sistematic reviews conclude that the physical activity is beneficous for the mother to avoid complications during the delivery and the appearance of some deseases as gestational diabetes and obesity, also conclude that the psychological education helps the mother to decrase the distress of pregnancy and avoid the anxiety and finally conlcude the importance of the midwifery in all that process, giving the mother techniques and knowladge to be prepared for the delivery moment and the pregnancy. 6 Randomized controlled clinical trials concludes that the physical activty helps to purchase a helthier lifestyle and also helps to avoid the gestational obesity and diabetes. 1 Cross-sectional study related with the physical activity and the benefits of it like the healthier lifestyle and the decline of complications during the pregnancy and delivery. And finally 3 qualitative studies that also remark the importance of physical activity to reduce the complications during the pregnancy and the importance of the midwifery role to prepare the couple for parenthood and delivery. Conclusions: Preparing for childbirth is difficult, and is important for the couples to be good prepared for this moment, and for this is important to make checkups during all the pregnancy and to have a good monitoring for quilified stuff. Slowly they have to aqcuire the necessary knowladge, make the exercices and include the recommended habits to avoid the fears and making this a unique experience. The antenatal preparation is very advisable and reach a lot of benefits to the gestant mothers. ​
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