An analysis of the isomerization energies of 1,2-/1,3-diazacyclobutadiene, pyrazole/imidazole, and pyridazine/pyrimidine with the turn-upside-down approach

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​ ​ scopusId El Hamdi Lahfid, Majid​ ​
El Hamdi Lahfid, Majid
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Tiznado, William
orcId Poater i Teixidor, Jordi​ researcherId Poater i Teixidor, Jordi​ scopusId Poater i Teixidor, Jordi​ ​
Poater i Teixidor, Jordi
orcId Solà i Puig, Miquel​ researcherId Solà i Puig, Miquel​ scopusId Solà i Puig, Miquel​ ​
Solà i Puig, Miquel
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The isomerization energies of 1,2- and 1,3-diazacyclobutadiene, pyrazole and imidazole, and pyridazine and pyrimidine are 10.6, 9.4, and 20.9 kcal/mol, respectively, at the BP86/TZ2P level of theory. These energies are analyzed using a Morokuma-like energy decomposition analysis in conjunction with what we have called turn-upside-down approach. Our results indicate that, in the three cases, the higher stability of the 1,3-isomers is not due to lower Pauli repulsions but because of the more favorable σ-orbital interactions involved in the formation of two C-N bonds in comparison with the generation of C-C and N-N bonds in the 1,2-isomers ​
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