http://hdl.handle.net/10256/17743 Sun, 17 May 2026 18:43:50 GMT 2026-05-17T18:43:50Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28383 Bayesian modelling of criminal cases as a whole : a philosophical reflection on Dutch case law Mackor, Anne Ruth The Bayesian model is gaining ground as a rational method for evaluating evidence in criminal law. The central question of this article is whether the Bayesian model can provide guidance for the judicial evaluation of evidence. More specifically, it focuses on the use of Bayesian modelling of complete criminal cases. Section 2 explicates the model, discussing an example of how experts from the Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) apply it in their reports. Section 3 addresses the question of whether non-forensic experts and judges can or even should use the Bayesian model as well. The focus of the rest of this article is on Bayesian modelling of criminal cases as a whole. In section 4, I discuss Dutch case law on the use of such integral modelling. The Netherlands appears to be internationally unique in that this question has been addressed in case law. Since the Bayesian model is worldwide gaining ground in forensic sciences and in theorizing about criminal evidence law, a discussion of Dutch case law can be relevant for legal scholars and legal philosophers from other, in particular from comparable continental legal systems. Section 5 offers a further legal-philosophical and epistemological reflection on the nature and functions of Bayesian modelling of criminal cases as a whole. The contribution concludes with recommendations for further research. Part of this further research is being carried out within the research project Preventing Miscarriages of Justice. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28383 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28382 Los informes periciales escritos en el proceso penal en Chile: análisis crítico de su regulación y práctica Duce Julio, Mauricio The paper critically analyzes, through a dogmatic and exploratory empirical study, the legal and practical regulation in Chile regarding written expert reports in the criminal procedure. The text highlights the importance of such documents to facilitate an effective scrutiny of this evidence in accusatory systems and then reviews comparative standards and examples of foreign law on minimum contents that should be included to adequately fulfill such function. The regulation of the Chilean Code of Criminal Procedure is critically analyzed in the light of these standards and examples, highlighting its inadequacy, and then the contents of these documents in the usual practice of the system are analyzed. For this purpose, it is reviewed the limited empirical evidence available in previous studies and the results of exploratory research based on 90 expert reports requested by the Public Prosecutor’s Office (n: 33) and the Public Defender’s Office (n: 57).; El trabajo analiza críticamente, a través de un estudio dogmático y empírico explorato-rio, la regulación legal y práctica en Chile en materia de informes periciales escritos en el proceso penal. El texto destaca su importancia para facilitar un escrutinio efectivo de esta prueba en los sistemas acusatorios y luego revisa estándares comparados y ejemplos de derecho extranjero sobre contenidos mínimos que debiera incluir para cumplir adecuadamente tal función. A continuación, se analiza críticamente la regulación del Código Procesal Penal de Chile a la luz de estos estándares y ejemplos, destacando su insuficiencia, y luego se analizan los contenidos que en la práctica habi-tual del sistema tienen estos documentos. Para esto se utilizan los escasos antecedentes empíricos disponibles en estudios previos y se muestran los resultados de una investigación exploratoria sobre la base de noventa informes periciales solicitados por el Ministerio Público (n: 33) y la Defensoría Penal Pública (n: 57) Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28382 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28380 La conducta de las partes como prueba en el proceso civil brasileño Cruz Arenhart, Sergio The text explores the conduct of the parties as an element of evidence in Brazilian civil proceedings. It examines the tendency of Brazilian law to use this evidence only as an circumstantial evidence, which poses several obstacles to its use in civil proceedings. This point of view is criticised in order to expand the use of the parties’ conduct as a means of evidence, either in combination with other evidence or in isolation (especially in cases such as preventive protection and the protection of fundamental rights). Finally, some parameters for its use and control are suggested, such as adequate motivation and the preservation of the adversarial dialogue.; El texto explora la conducta de las partes como elemento probatorio en el proceso civil brasileño. Se examina la tendencia de la legislación brasileña a utilizar esta prueba solamente como indicio, lo que plantea varios obstáculos para su empleo en el ámbito del proceso civil. Se critica este punto de vista con el fin de ampliar el uso de la conducta de las partes como medio de prueba, ya sea en combinación con otras pruebas o de forma aislada (sobre todo en casos como la tutela preventiva y la protección de derechos fundamentales). Por último, se sugieren algunos parámetros para su uso y control, como la motivación adecuada y la preservación del contradictorio Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28380 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28378 La prueba de los hechos futuros.consideraciones semánticas y epistémicas para la toma de decisiones Sandoval Ayala, Sebastián Every new discipline must deal with some vocabulary problems that arise when the available categories, the terms we use in our everyday language, are not satisfactory to carry out a research enterprise with the precision deemed necessary. As a result of this discursive mismatch, disciplinary communities debate whether suspect categories should be eliminated or can be redefined in less problematic terms. In this paper, the category of future facts is studied. After explaining that the expression can be understood as a suspect category in evidence law, it is argued that it cannot be eliminated or redefined in the terms proposed by evidence theorists without losing an important part of its meaning. This is relevant because the lost meaning is indispensable to control judicial decisions that are based on prospective considerations, such as when determining the amount of a future damage or decreeing a precautionary measure such as preventive detention.; Toda disciplina debe lidiar con problemas de vocabulario que surgen cuando las categorías disponibles, los términos que utilizamos en nuestro lenguaje cotidiano, no resultan satisfactorias para llevar a cabo una empresa investigativa con la precisión que se estima necesaria. Producto de este desajuste discursivo, las comunidades disciplinarias debaten si las categorías sospechosas deben ser eliminadas o pueden ser redefinidas en términos menos problemáticos. En este trabajo, se estudia la categoría de hecho futuro. Luego de explicar por qué la categoría resulta sospechosa, se sostiene que ella no puede ser eliminada o redefinida en los términos propuestos por los teóricos de la prueba sin perder parte importante de su significado. Esto es relevante porque el significado perdido resulta indispensable para controlar las decisiones judiciales que se basan en consideracio-nes prospectivas, como ocurre al determinar el monto de un daño futuro o al decretar una medida cautelar como la prisión preventiva Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10256/28378 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z