http://hdl.handle.net/10256/1004 2025-06-26T14:38:49Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/26862 Effects of Processing Conditions of a Ball-Milled Fe65Co35 Soft Ferromagnetic Alloy on the Structural, Thermal, and Magnetic Properties Daza Collier, Jason; Curbelo-Cano, Zaida; Montero, Cristina M.; Ben Mbarek, Wael; Escoda i Acero, Ma. Lluïsa; Saurina Canals, Joan; Palmero, Ester M.; Bollero, Alberto; Bruna, Pere; Suñol Martínez, Joan Josep The Fe65Co35 alloy is a well-known Fe-based soft ferromagnetic alloy with excellent soft magnetic properties, which make it a strong candidate to be used in technological applications. In the present work, synthesizing nanoscrystalline Fe65Co35 alloy by mechanical alloying is focused on, adding cyclohexane (C6H12) acting as a process control agent (PCA). PCAs are effective in favoring nanostructured alloys with uniform grain size. The production of this type of alloy is a promising approach to tune the magnetic hardness in Fe65Co35. Structural, thermal, morphological, and magnetic properties have been studied after milling for 10, 25, and 50 h with and without the PCA. In the structural analysis, it is shown that the cubic α-Fe(Co) phase is the predominant phase in all samples. The use of the PCA favors its nanocrystallinity; however, it slows Co diffusion into the Fe matrix. Thermal analysis detects an endothermic process between 525 and 575 °C in the samples milled with C6H12 only. This is associated with the transition of the residual Fe3Co superlattice, to the stable α-Fe(Co). The effect of the residual Fe3Co at room temperature on the magnetic properties is twofold, by decreasing the saturation magnetization of Fe65Co35 but increasing both remanent magnetization and coercivity 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/26829 Collaborative learning, cooperative learning and reflective learning to foster sustainable development: A scoping review Zhou, Tong; Cañabate Ortiz, Dolors; Bubnys, Remigijus; Stanikūnienė, Brigita; Colomer, Jordi Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) plays a key role in addressing global challenges. This study highlights the key role of collaborative, cooperative and reflective learning in enhancing students' ability to promote sustainable development. In this study, narrative analysis techniques were used to analyse 172 manuscripts with the core keywords ‘reflective learning’ or ‘cooperative learning’ or ‘collaborative learning’ and ‘sustainability’ or ‘sustainable development’ and ‘education’ that resulted from the search in SCOPUS and Web of Science for the period 1994 to 2023 and the paper selection process. These articles provide a comprehensive overview of collaborative and reflective learning in the context of sustainable development. This study demonstrates how critical it is to identify and deal with students' limits in terms of reflection and cooperation. To genuinely contribute to sustainable development, students must not only possess the necessary knowledge, but also embody values and global awareness, thus enabling them to reflect on and evaluate their practical experiences within complex contexts. Despite potential obstacles of individual differences and cooperation challenges, the review emphasises the importance of innovative pedagogical strategies in providing students with engaging educational opportunities that inspire a commitment to advocating for sustainable development. This study highlights the potential of diverse pedagogical programmes in cultivating sustainable competencies and underscores the significance of recognising and overcoming constraints for the effective implementation of education in sustainable development 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/26701 Cold Forming Hybrid Aluminium-Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Sheets Joined by Mechanical Interlocking Latorre Lázaro, Núria; Casellas, Daniel; Costa i Balanzat, Josep; Garcia-Llamas, Eduard; Pujante, Jaume Forming hybrid structures into complex shapes is key to address lightweighting of automotive parts. Recently, an innovative joining technique between aluminium and Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) based on mechanical interlocking through sheet punching has been developed. However, scaling up the solution requires the assessment of challenges, such as multi-material forming and joint integrity, after forming operations. Therefore, this work proves the feasibility of forming aluminium-CFRP prepreg panels into complex omega-shaped profiles following a conventional cold-stamping process. Forming without defects was possible even in specimens featuring mechanical joints generated through punching. The effect of the CFRP position (in the inner or the outer side of the formed profile), the number of mechanical joints, the addition of a Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) intermediate layer to prevent galvanic corrosion and adequate lubrication on necking, cracking, springback behaviour and the final geometry after curing were studied. Compression tests were performed to assess the mechanical response of the hybrid profile, and the results showed that the addition of CFRP in the aluminium omega profile changed the buckling behaviour from global bending to axial folding, increasing the maximum compression load. Additionally, the presence of mechanical interlocking joints further improved the mechanical performance and led to a more controlled failure due to buckling localization in the geometric discontinuity 2025-04-24T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10256/26572 Mechanosynthesis of Nanocrystalline Biphasic Ni-Fe Alloy Powders by Mechanical Alloying and Their Structural and Thermal Characterization Azabou, Myriam; Ben Mbarek, Wael; Wederni, Asma; Almenia, Sumaya; Khitouni, Mohamed; Suñol Martínez, Joan Josep An equiatomic Ni-Fe alloy was synthesized through mechanosynthesis, under an argon atmosphere using a planetary ball mill, after 100 h. To assess the phase stability, the alloy was subsequently annealed at 923.15 K for 2 h. At the end of mechanosynthesis, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of two distinct solid phases, FCC γ-NiFe (wt% = 90.3%) and BCC α-FeNi (wt% = 9.7%). The lattice parameter of the FCC phase stabilized at 3.5748 Å, whereas the BCC phase exhibited a lattice parameter of 2.6608 Å. The average crystallite size was determined to be around 7 nm with the lattice strains quantified as 0.48% for both phases. This significant refinement of microstructure indicates extensive plastic deformation within the grains. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an angular particle morphology with an average particle size of 8.15 µm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis identified an exothermic transition at 623.15 K, corresponding to the Curie temperature of nickel, and another one at 873.15 K, attributed to the Curie temperature of Ni3Fe. These results demonstrate the efficiency of mechanosynthesis in producing biphasic Ni-Fe nanomaterials with tailored properties, characterized by a dominant FCC phase with a highly deformed nanocrystalline structure. These findings highlight the great influence of mechanical milling on the structural properties of the Ni-Fe alloy in terms of a high density of stored crystalline defects 2025-02-28T00:00:00Z