Articles publicats (D-CM)

Combined Systemic and cutaneous ovalbumin-aluminum sensitization triggers thermal hyperalgesia, spinal gliosis, and nociceptive nerve fibers sprouting in mice

2025-09-26T07:05:55Z

Combined Systemic and cutaneous ovalbumin-aluminum sensitization triggers thermal hyperalgesia, spinal gliosis, and nociceptive nerve fibers sprouting in mice Siquier-Dameto, Gabriel; Gimeno-Beltrán, Javier; Bellia, Gilberto; Boadas i Vaello, Pere; Verdú Navarro, Enrique Background/Objectives: This study investigates whether systemic ovalbumin-aluminum sensitization followed by cutaneous challenge induces thermal hyperalgesia and spinal cord gliosis in mice. Methods: Adult female ICR-CD1 mice received ovalbumin-aluminum salt solution intraperitoneally on days 0, 7 and 14, and subcutaneously with daily skin application via brush during days 15-21, 28-35 and 42-49. Control animals received saline. Plantar thermal hyperalgesia was assessed on days 21, 35 and 49. On day 49, tissues (dorsal skin, spinal cord, footpads) were harvested after perfusion and processed histologically to detect mast cells, astrocytes, microglia, afferent fibers and intraepidermal nerve profiles. Results: Ovalbumin-treated mice displayed thermal hyperalgesia, increased astrogliosis, and reactive microglia in the spinal cord, and expanded CGRP- and IB4-immunoreactive fiber areas. In footpads, CGRP-positive intraepidermal nerve profile density was elevated, and dorsal skin showed increased mast cell density compared to controls. Conclusions: Combined systemic and cutaneous ovalbumin-aluminum sensitization induces skin in- flammation, spinal gliosis, and nociceptive fiber sprouting in both central and peripheral sites, which likely contribute to the observed thermal hyperalgesia

More Than Three Decades After Discovery of the Neuroprotective Effect of PACAP, What Is Still Preventing Its Clinical Use?

2025-09-18T12:10:29Z

More Than Three Decades After Discovery of the Neuroprotective Effect of PACAP, What Is Still Preventing Its Clinical Use? Cherait, Asma; Xifró i Collsamata, Xavier; Reglodi, Dora; Vaudry, David Discovered in 1989, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with strong neuroprotective properties, as shown in various neurodegenerative preclinical models of Parkinson, Alzheimer, or Huntington diseases. PACAP neuroprotection has also been reported in animal models of cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. The neuroprotective effect of PACAP occurs through its capacity to modulate most of the multiphasic aspects of neuronal diseases, such as oxidative stress, neuronal cell death, and inflammation. However, more than three decades after its discovery, and although PACAP neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities have now been largely documented, its clinical use is still awaited. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to discuss the main reasons which limit the use of PACAP as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuronal diseases. To achieve this objective, an opinion survey has been conducted among experts in the field of PACAP, and a bibliographic investigation was carried out

Assessing skeletal maturity in a UK modern female population

2025-09-18T10:25:51Z

Assessing skeletal maturity in a UK modern female population San-Millán, Marta; Holmes, Trish; de Luca, Stefano; Hackman, Lucina; Márquez-Grant, Nicholas Objective: The study aimed to examine the accuracy of Greulich and Pyle (GP) methodology for estimating age in a female UK sample since there is a dearth of studies testing its applicability in the UK. Materials and methods: Radiographs from the left wrist and hand belonging to 257 female individuals from two different hospitals from the UK ranging from 10 to 17 years old were analysed. Correlation was performed between skeletal age (SA) and chronological age (CA) values as well as mean comparisons. In addition, the mean difference (MD) and mean absolute difference (MAD) between these two parameters were also examined to study inaccuracy values. Results: A strong correlation was found between SA and CA (r = 0.887; p < 0.001). The MD between SA and CA is positive (0.51 ± 12.43 months), meaning that SA based on Greulich and Pyle atlas overestimates CA in general terms (minimum: − 40.17 months; maximum: 31.13 months). In the case of MAD, the mean value is 9.96 ± 7.44 months (minimum: 0.07 months; maximum: 40.17 months). In addition, no significant differences were found between SA and CA either in the global sample or in most of the age cohorts, with two exceptions: 14-year-olds, where mean SA was significantly higher than CA, and 16-year-olds, where the opposite results were observed. Conclusion: These results suggest that the GP atlas can be applied to the present female UK population, although caution must be taken when applied to estimating the age of post-pubertal UK girls

Population-based analysis of breast cancer incidence and mortality: overall and age-specific temporal trends over 40-year period in Girona, Spain

2025-09-18T08:11:38Z

Population-based analysis of breast cancer incidence and mortality: overall and age-specific temporal trends over 40-year period in Girona, Spain Sanvisens, Arantza; Vidal-Vila, Anna; Puigdemont, Montserrat; Viñas, Gemma; Roqué Lloveras, Ariadna; Barco, Sonia del; Perez Bueno, Ferran; Trallero, Jan; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Renart i Vicens, Gemma Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality in women have changed over time. This study aims to analyze population-level incidence and mortality trends over 40 years of observation. Methods: Population-based study of BC conducted by Girona Cancer Registry covering the period 1980–2019. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated. Poisson change-point regression models were used to analyze trends, calculating the annual percentage change (APC). Results: A total of 12,283 diagnoses of invasive BC between 1980 and 2019. The overall age-standardized incidence rate was 109.9 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 104.4; 115.4) cases per 100,000 women-years. Trend analyses showed a statistically significant incidence increase of 4.2% per year from 1980 to 1994 (95%CI 3.3; 5.1), and a stabilization between 1994 and 2019, with an APC of 0.28% (95%CI − 0.04; 0.56). These trends were similar for the age groups 0–49 years and 50–69 years. In women over 69 years of age, an increase in incidence of 4.4% (95%CI 2.8; 6.0) per year was observed between 1980 and 1995 followed by a non-statistically significant decrease of − 0.35% (95%CI − 0.86; 0.15) between 1995 and 2019. The overall age-standardized mortality rate was 30.3 (95%CI 29.3; 31.3) cases per 100,000 women-years. Mortality rate trends showed a statistically significant decrease of − 1.87% (95%CI − 2.38; − 1.37) per year since 1992. Conclusion: There has been a stabilization in the incidence of BC and a gradual decline in BC mortality in women. The introduction of mammography in the mid-1990s, alongside early detection and treatment due to screening programs may play a significant role in the reduction of BC burden in women of all ages